Hydrosphere

A hydrosphere consists of all the water on the planet, which can be stored in oceans, rivers, streams, groundwater or water vapor (except glaciers and snow). The oceans, which cover about 70% of the Earth‘s surface, are essential for the movement of water around the world. In addition, it is considered to be a thermal reservoir of the planet because water has a large heat capacity (i.e., heat that we need to add to the fabric to increase its temperature by 1 ° C). Simply put, the water is relatively energy intensive to heat up. At the same time, it is a good cooler – it takes a lot of heat without getting very hot.

At the same time, ocean circulation is one of the means of transferring energy from equator to pole. The atmosphere and ocean exchange gases and aerosols mentioned above (Pretel, 2012). The most water vapor in the atmosphere comes from the oceans. Most of the rainfall that falls will once again end up in the ocean. About two-thirds return to the atmosphere through the water cycle. The oceans not only act as a source of rich moisture for the atmosphere, but also as a source of heat. Ocean circulation is driven by heating surface waters in tropical zones and cooling in polar regions. Large currents, such as the Northern Gulf Stream, transport a lot of heat towards the Earth‘s pole, and thus contribute to the development of many kinds of weather phenomena. Also, the climate of nearby towns is warming.