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6 OUR SOLAR SYSTEM IS A VERY SMALL PART OF ONE OF BILLIONS OF GALAXIES IN THE UNIVERSE
- Theory
- TASKS
- 3.1 Time measurement (sundials, hourglass)
- 3.2 Phases of the Moon
- 3.3 A calendar
- 3.4 Orientation in the countryside
- 3.5 Models of planets and the Sun
- Task 1: Count the dimensions of the bodies and their distances in your model
- Task 2: Make a model of the solar system using foods of a round shape
- Task 3: Make a model of the solar system from the newspaper and starch.
- Task 4: Model of the Sun
- Task 5: Model of a comet
- Task 6: Create a comet nucleus model with a similar composition as a real comet
- Task 7: Make a comet nucleus model that you can enjoy eating
- 3.6 Orientation in the sky
- WORKSHEETS FOR PUPILS
Model of a comet
The comets are believed to inhabit in an areafar beyond the orbit of Pluto.Occasionally a comet streaks through the inner solar system. Comets, which return regularly, move along very eccentric elliptical trajectories. Some comets move along parabolic or hyperbolic trajectories. Such comets appear only once and then leave the solar system forever.
Parts of the comet
The comet consists of three parts:
- Nucleus – the solid part of a comet with a diameter between 1 and 100 km,
- Coma – the spherical envelope of gas that surrounds the comet‘s nucleus consists mainly of gases,
- Tail – gas and dust particles from the Sun.
The nucleus of the comet consists of water ice, solid carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, other frozen gases and dust. Coma contains various non-dissociated and dissociated molecules, radicals and ions, e.g. OH-, NH2- , CO, CO, NH, CH, CN, (CN) etc. It is said that cometic material can be made even at home: Take a little water, mix it with toner from the printer and add some organic substances from your own saliva. Mix this mixture with solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) and leave it to freeze.
Making of model of a comet
However, there is a much more attractive comet model for pupils. You will need whipped cream, choco-cornflakes, Granko, cocoa Pikao, sugar, a solid plastic bag, gloves, a tea towel and liquid nitrogen. Cream in this case represents water ice; other ingredients represent impurities of different sizes. Using liquid nitrogen, we freeze everything properly and shape a lump.